Nursing Care Plans for Bladder Cancer

Benign or malignant tumors may develop on the bladder. Bladder tumors can develop on the surface of the bladder wall (benign or malignant papillomas) or grow within the bladder wall (usually more virulent) and quickly invade underlying muscles.  Most bladder tumors are transitional cell carcinomas, arising from the transitional epithelium of mucous membranes. Less...

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Nursing Procedure Count the Respiratory Rate

The respiratory rate is a count of one full inspiration/expiration cycle for 1 full minute. Assessing respirations includes checking rate, rhythm, and depth. It includes assessing inspiration (taking oxygen into the lungs) and expiration (removing carbon dioxide from the lungs). The normal respiratory rate varies with age. The newborn’s respiratory rate is quite rapid, averaging about 40 breaths per minute. The respiratory rate gradually decreases with age until it reaches the adult rate of 12...

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Nursing Procedure Measuring Blood Pressure

Nursing Procedure Measuring Blood Pressure. Blood pressure (BP) is a measurement of the pressure within the vascular system as the heart contracts (systole) and relaxes (diastole). BP indirectly reflects your patient’s overall cardiovascular functioning. It is equal to CO time’s peripheral vascular resistance (BP CO PVR). Normal BP varies with age. Other factors that can...

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Nursing Care Plans For Nephrotic Syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome is a clinical disorder characterized by marked increase of protein in the urine (proteinuria), decrease in albumin in the blood (hypoalbuminemia), edema, and excess lipids in the blood (hyperlipidemia). These occur as a consequence of excessive leakage of plasma proteins into the urine because of increased permeability of the Glomerular capillary membrane....

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Nursing Procedure Taking Temperatures

What is Body temperature? Body temperature is the difference between heat produced and heat lost. The hypothalamus acts as the body’s thermostat to maintain a constant body temperature. The balance is maintained between the body’s heat producing functions (metabolism, shivering, muscle contraction, exercise, and thyroid activity) and the heat-losing functions (radiation,...

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